All Issue

2021 Vol.31, Issue 4 Preview Page
Preparation of an Early Strengthening Agent for Concrete under Low-Temperature Conditions and Evaluation of Its Reaction Mechanism
Junwei Bao12
,
Qifang Ren12
,
Lei Sun3
,
Yi Ding12†
,
Won-Chun Oh4
1Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Building Materials, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601 Anhui, China.
2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Building Materials, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601 Anhui, China.
3Anhui Road and Bridge Engineering Group Co., Ltd.
4Department of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan 31962, Republic of Korea
†Corresponding author E-Mail : dyrqf@ahjzu.edu.cn (Y. Ding, Anhui Jianzhu Univ.)
Corresponding Authorwc_oh@hanseo.ac.kr (W.-C. Oh, Hanseo Univ.)
April 2021. pp. 195-208
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

To solve the common problems of concrete preparation in low-temperature environments, calcium formate (C2H2O4Ca), anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), triethanolamine (C6H15O3N), calcium bromide (CaBr2), and triisopropanolamine (C9H21NO3) are selected as early strength agents and mixed with C40 concrete in different dosages under low-temperature environments of 5 °C and 10 °C to develop a high-efficiency low-temperature compound early strength agent based on the effect of single-doped early strength agents. The effects of the compound early strength agent on the early strength of the concrete, the cement paste setting time, and cement fluidity at 5 °C and 10 °C are investigated, and the corresponding reaction mechanism is discussed from the perspective of micro-products. The best compound early strength agent ratio is found to be 2% of calcium formate + 0.08 % of TEA (C6H15O3N). The compound early strength agent effectively promotes the formation of hydration products, such as Ca(OH)2 and C-S-H gel. In comparison with the control group, the strength of the concrete cured for 18 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d under simulated natural conditions at 5 °C increases by 700%, 540%, 11.4 % and 10 %, respectively, whereas at 10 °C, the corresponding values are 991%, 400%, 19.6 % and 11 %, respectively. The strength of the concrete at each age is close to the normal temperature standard of the curing strength. The addition of the compound early strength agent causes a reduction in cement fluidity and initial and final setting times, and also yields a good effect on the porosity of the early concrete.

Keywords
low temperature
concrete
compound early strength agent
microstructure
References
1.
M. F. Jiang and X. Lv, Bull. Chin. Ceram. Soc., 33, 2527 (2014).
2.
X. J. Xie, New Building Mater., 5, 33 (2005).
3.
S. Wang, L. Jian and Z. H. Shu, Construct. Build. Mater., 205, 434 (2019). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.049
4.
C. Y. Wang, X. H. Hou and Y. H. Bu, Construct. Build. Mater., 171, 690 (2018). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.220
5.
M. Qiao, Y. H. Yu and Q. P. Ran, J. Funct. Mater., 43, 1561 (2012).
6.
M. Saric-Coric and K. H. Khayat, Cem. Concr. Res., 33, 1999 (2003). 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00214-X
7.
L. Su, B. G. Ma, B. G. Jian, J. Funct. Mater., 43, 2102 (2012).
8.
S. Aggoun, M. Cheikh-Zouaoui and N .Chikh, Construct. Build. Mater., 22, 106 (2008). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.043
9.
A. S. Brykov, A. S. Vasil’ev and M. V. Mokeev, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 86, 793 (2013). 10.1134/S1070427213060013
10.
D. Leng, X. Zhang and Z. L. Shen, New Building Mater., 35, 21 (2008).
11.
C. Zhang, Technol. Wind., 22, 162 (2010).
12.
K. Riding, D. A. Silva and K. Scrivener, Cem. Concr. Res., 40, 935 (2010). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.01.008
13.
A. Richardson, Struct. Surv., 25, 418 (2007). 10.1108/02630800710838455
14.
P.S. Mangat, O. O. Ojedokun and P. Lambert, Cem. Concr. Compos.,115, 103823 (2021). 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103823
15.
J. Q. Wu, J. C. Xu and B. Diao, Construct. Build. Mater, 266, 120999 (2021). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120999
16.
J. Cortes and J. Carrillo, Adv. Mat. Res., 1016, 315 (2014). 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1016.315
17.
G. D. Schutter and L. Luo, Construct. Build. Mater., 18, 483 (2004). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.001
18.
K. Y. Ann, H. S. Jung and H. S. Kim, Cem. Concr. Res., 36, 530 (2006). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.09.003
19.
J.I. Escalante-Garcia and J.H. Sharp, Cem. Concr. Res., 31, 695 (2001). 10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00471-9
20.
I. Aiad, A. A. Mohammedc and S. A. Abo-Ei-Enein, Cem. Concr. Res., 33, 9 (2003). 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00911-0
21.
M. S. Zhang, Adv. Mater. Res., 2483, 535 (2012).
22.
M. Heikal, Cem. Concr. Res., 34, 1051 (2003). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.11.015
23.
X. Y. Pang, P. Boul and W. C. Jimenez, Construct. Build. Mater., 12, 77 (2014).
24.
V. S. Ramachandran, Cem. Concr. Res., 6, 623 (1976). 10.1016/0008-8846(76)90026-0
25.
V. S. Ramachandran, J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol., 22, 1125, (1972).
26.
Y. R. Zhang, L. Gao and X. P. Cai, Construct. Build. Mater, 238, 117670 (2019). 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117670
27.
Y. Zhang, X. Kong, Z.C. Lu, Z.B. Lu, Q. Zhang, B. Dong and F. Xing. Cem. Concr. Res., 87, 64 (2016). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.05.009
28.
Z.C. Lu, X. G. Kong and D. Jansen, Construct. Build. Mater, 132,106041 (2020). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106041
29.
V.S. Ramachandran. Cem. Concr. Res., 3, 41 (1973).
30.
I. Escalante-Garciaj and J. H. Sharp, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82, 3237 (2010). 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb02230.x
31.
K. O. Kjellsen, J. Ddtwilerr and O. E. Gjorv, Cem. Concr. Res., 20, 308 (1990). 10.1016/0008-8846(90)90085-C
32.
B. Lothenbach, T. Matscheit and G. Moschner, Cem. Concr. Res., 38, 1 (2008). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.08.017
33.
B. Lothenbach, F. Winnefeld, E. Wieland, P. Lunk and C. Alder, Cem. Concr. Res., 37, 483 (2007). 10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.11.016
34.
Z. Heren and H. Olmez, Cem. Concr. Res., 26, 701 (1996). 10.1016/S0008-8846(96)85007-1
35.
Z. Heren and H. Olmez, Cem. Concr. Res., 27 , 805 (1997). 10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00080-X
36.
Y. R. Zhang, X. M. Kong, Z. C. Lu and Z. B. Lu, Cem. Concr. Res., 87, 264 (2016).
37.
J. J. Thomas, D. Rothstein, H. M. Jennings and B. J. Christensen, Cem. Concr. Res., 33, 2037 (2003). 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00224-2
38.
K. O. Kjellsen and R. J. Detwiler, Cem. Concr. Res., 22, 112 (1992). 10.1016/0008-8846(92)90141-H
39.
J. I. Escalante-Garcia and J. H. Sharp. Cem. Concr. Res., 28, 1245 (1998). 10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00115-X
40.
J. Komonen and V. Penttala, Fire. Technol., 39, 23 (2003). 10.1023/A:1021723126005
Information
  • Publisher :Materials Research Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Materials Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재료학회지
  • Volume : 31
  • No :4
  • Pages :195-208
  • Received Date : 2021-02-05
  • Revised Date : 2021-03-22
  • Accepted Date : 2021-03-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2021.31.4.195
Journal Informaiton Korean Journal of Materials Research Korean Journal of Materials Research
Online Submission
  • scopus
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • crossref crossmark
  • crossref cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close