Sulfur Content Control in the Ladle Furnace Process through Controlling the Pre-desulfurization Time during the Bubbling and Powder Injection Process and Slag Composition in Ladle

Chel-Jong Yoo; Jae-Gwan Lee; Gwang-Su Kim; Dong-Geun Lee

doi:10.3740/MRSK.2026.36.4.151

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2026 Vol.36, Issue 4 Preview Page

Research Paper

Sulfur Content Control in the Ladle Furnace Process through Controlling the Pre-desulfurization Time during the Bubbling and Powder Injection Process and Slag Composition in Ladle BAP 공정 시 예비 탈황 시간 조정과 Ladle 내 슬래그 조성 제어를 통한 LF 공정에서의 황 함량 제어

27 April 2026. pp. 151-159

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Abstract

In the steelmaking process, particularly during the ladle furnace stage, the ability to control sulfur content in molten steel to 30 ppm is critical for specific steel grades. This study aims to achieve reliable sulfur control by regulating the slag composition through flux addition during the steelmaking process, and by conducting preliminary desulfurization via the bubbling and powder injection (BAP) process. The target steel had a composition of [C] 0.08-0.16, [Mn] 1.0-1.5, [P] ≤ 0.02, and [S] ≤ 0.003 wt%. During the converter tapping process, flux was added in amounts of 1,000 kg, 1,500 kg, and 2,000 kg. In the BAP process, top and bottom bubbling was applied for 3 min, 5 min, and 8 min, respectively, to evaluate the effectiveness of preliminary desulfurization. The results confirmed that increasing the amount of flux improved sulfur control performance in the ladle furnace process. Moreover, when the BAP bubbling time exceeded 5 min, the time required to control sulfur in the ladle furnace process was significantly reduced. This study demonstrates that, in order to effectively control sulfur during the ladle furnace stage, both appropriate flux addition and preliminary desulfurization through the BAP process are essential.

Keywords

bubbling and powder injection (BAP)

ladle furnace process

desulfurization

quicklime

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Information

Publisher :Materials Research Society of Korea
Publisher(Ko) :한국재료학회
Journal Title :Korean Journal of Materials Research
Journal Title(Ko) :한국재료학회지
Volume : 36
No :4
Pages :151-159
Received Date : 2026-03-10
Revised Date : 2026-04-08
Accepted Date : 2026-04-08
DOI :https://doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2026.36.4.151

Korean Journal of Materials Research ISSN:1225-0562(Print) 2287-7258(Online) 한국재료학회지

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