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2021 Vol.31, Issue 4
Simultaneous Extraction and In-Situ Transesterification of Chlorella vulgaris Using Microwave-Assisted Method for Biodiesel Production
Randy Adhiputra1
,
Maisari Utami2
,
Eko Agus Suyono3
,
Arief Budiman4
,
Poedji Loekitowati Hariani5
,
Ani Setyo Pratiwi1
,
Karna Wijaya1†
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
3Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, South Sumatera 30862, Indonesia
†Corresponding author E-Mail : karnawijaya@ugm.ac.id (K. Wijaya, Univ. Gadjah Mada)
April 2021. pp. 181-187
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Abstract

This research aims to study the simultaneous extraction and transesterification of Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) using microwave irradiation with methanol as solvent and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalyst. The microwave-assisted insitu transesterification of C. vulgaris is assessed at various ratios of biomass-to-methanol, reaction times, and catalyst concentrations during the centrifugation and evaporation process. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis is performed to confirm fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition. Biodiesel preparation is carried out by simultaneous extraction and transesterification of microalgae from C. vulgaris. The product is then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR); microalgae are observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The highest amount of FAME is obtained at a biomass-to-methanol ratio of 1:12, reaction time of 40 min, and catalyst concentration of 2 wt%. Biodiesel shows conversion to about 77.64% of methyl ester (methyl myristate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl linoleate, methyl oleate, methyl arachidonate, and methyl 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentanoate).

Keywords
biodiesel
chlorella vulgaris
microwave
methyl ester
in-situ transesterification
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Information
  • Publisher :Materials Research Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Materials Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재료학회지
  • Volume : 31
  • No :4
  • Pages :181-187
  • Received Date : 2021-01-06
  • Revised Date : 2021-03-07
  • Accepted Date : 2021-03-18
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2021.31.4.181
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