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2024 Vol.34, Issue 7 Preview Page

Research Paper

Optimizing Nitrobenzene Synthesis Catalyzed by Sulfated Silica (SO4/SiO2) through Response Surface Methodological Approach
Aan Sabilladin1
,
Aldino Javier Saviola1
,
Karna Wijaya1†
,
Aulia Sukma Hutama1
,
Mokhammad Fajar Pradipta1
,
Wahyu Dita Saputri2
,
Hilda Ismail3
,
Budhijanto Budhijanto4
,
Won-Chun Oh5
,
Balasubramani Ravindran67
1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), The B. J. Habibie Science and Technology Area, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
3Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
5Department of Advanced Materials and Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan 39162, Republic of Korea
6Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
7Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602 105, India
†Corresponding author E-Mail : karnawijaya@ugm.ac.id (K. Wijaya, UGM)
27 July 2024. pp. 341-354
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Abstract

Today, the principles of green chemistry are being fundamentally applied in the chemical industry, such as the nitrobenzene industry, which is an essential intermediate for various commercial products. Research on the application of response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize nitrobenzene synthesis was conducted using a sulfated silica (SO4/SiO2) catalyst and batch microwave reactor. The nitrobenzene synthesis process was carried out according to RSM using a central composite design (CCD) design for three independent variables, consisting of sulfuric acid concentration on the silica (%), stirring time (min), and reaction temperature (°C), and the response variable of nitrobenzene yield (%). The results showed that a three-factorial design using the response surface method could determine the optimum conditions for obtaining nitrobenzene products in a batch microwave reactor. The optimum condition for a nitrobenzene yield of 63.38 % can be obtained at a sulfuric acid concentration on the silica of 91.20 %, stirring time of 140.45 min, and reaction temperature of 58.14 °C. From the 20 experiments conducted, the SO4/SiO2 catalyst showed a selectivity of 100 %, which means that this solid acid catalyst can potentially work well in converting benzene to nitrobenzene.

Keywords
sulfated silica
response surface methodology
nitrobenzene
batch microwave reactor
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Information
  • Publisher :Materials Research Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Materials Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재료학회지
  • Volume : 34
  • No :7
  • Pages :341-354
  • Received Date : 2023-10-27
  • Revised Date : 2024-06-05
  • Accepted Date : 2024-06-26
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2024.34.7.341
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