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2024 Vol.34, Issue 1

Research Paper

Quality Improvement of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Production Using Activated Carbon Derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) Seed Shells
Wuttichai Roschat123†
,
Sarunya Donrussamee1
,
Phatcharanan Smanmit1
,
Samlit Jikjak1
,
Tappagorn Leelatam234
,
Sunti Phewphong23
,
Krittiyanee Namwongsa5
,
Preecha Moonsin6
,
Vinich Promarak7
1Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
2Biomass Energy Research Laboratory, Center of Excellence on Alternative Energy, Research and Development Institution, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
3Innovation in Chemistry for Community Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
4Appropriated Technology Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
5Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
6Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
7Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science & Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
†Corresponding author E-Mail : roschat1@gmail.com (W. Roschat, SNRU)
27 January 2024. pp. 1-11
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Abstract

This research investigated the preparation of activated carbon derived from Krabok (Irvingia malayana) seed shells to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained during biodiesel production. The activated carbon was prepared using a dry chemical activation method with NaOH, utilizing an innovative biomass incinerator. The results revealed that the resulting KC/AC-two-step exhibited favorable physicochemical adsorption properties, with a high surface area of 758.72 m2/g and an iodine number of 611.10 mg/g. These values meet the criteria of the industrial product standard for activated carbon No. TIS 900-2004, as specified by the Ministry of Industry in Thailand. Additionally, the adsorption efficiency for methylene blue reached an impressive 99.35 %. This developed activated carbon was then used to improve the quality of crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel production. The experimental results showed that the KC/AC-two-step increased the purity of crude glycerol to 73.61 %. In comparison, commercially available activated carbon (C/AC) resulted in a higher crude glycerol purity of 81.19 %, as analyzed by the GC technique. Additionally, the metal content (Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Na) in purified glycerol using KC/AC-two-step was below the standards for heavy metals permitted in food and cosmeceuticals by the Food and Drug Administration of Thailand and the European Committee for Food Contact Materials and Articles. As a result, it can be inferred that Krabok seed shells have favorable properties for producing activated carbon suitable as an adsorbent to enhance crude glycerol purity. Furthermore, the improved crude glycerol from this research has potential for various industrial applications.

Keywords
activated carbon
Krabok seed shells
Irvingia malayana
crude glycerol
purification
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Information
  • Publisher :Materials Research Society of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국재료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Materials Research
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국재료학회지
  • Volume : 34
  • No :1
  • Pages :1-11
  • Received Date : 2023-11-23
  • Revised Date : 2023-12-06
  • Accepted Date : 2023-12-12
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.3740/MRSK.2024.34.1.1
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